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Who Began Halloween And Just What Was The Objective Of This Celebration?
Around 2,000 years ago, people called Celts were living in northern Europe in places that at present are comprised of the United Kingdom, Ireland and Northern France. These individuals observed their new year every November 1. This day marked the end of summer harvest and start of the lengthy, cold winter season. Human deaths were definitely associated with the winter months. The Celts considered the night preceding the new year was marked with a blur between life and death. So that night, October 31, would be a celebration named Samhain. The belief was that spirits of the deceased came back to earth producing trouble and causing damage to crops. The Celtic priests known as Druids could use these returning spirits to make future prophecies which were used for guidance and consolation throughout the winter time.
The Druids would set up huge bonfires and the people would sacrifice portions of their harvest and animals to the Celtic deities. This unique festivity also included people dressed in costumes of animal heads and skins as they aimed to tell one an others fortunes.
When the Romans conquered the area in 43 AD, they merged two Roman festivals with Samhain. Feralia took place in late October and it commemorated the passing of the deceased and Pomona was celebrated for the goddess associated with fruit and trees. It truly is considered that apple bobbing was part of this celebration.
Christianity came into this region in 800. Pope Boniface IV specified November 1 as All Saints Day to be able to respect saints and martyrs. It was a church authorized holiday and was also identified as All-hallowmas. The evening before was called All-hallows Eve. In 1000 AD November 2 became All Souls Day to memorialize the dead by the church. Events featured huge bonfires, parades and outfits of angels, devils and saints. All three events were now known as the Eve of All Saints, All Saints and All Souls and they became Hallowmas.
Halloween in America
When the Europeans immigrated to America, their particular customs and ideas came along. The southern colonies as well as Maryland began a community celebration celebrating the harvest and nearby neighbors would delight in telling stories of the dead, telling fortunes, singing and dancing. In mid 1800 these types of autumn celebrations were common but they just weren't recognized in all places.
In the latter part of 1800, a lot of Irish immigrated to America bringing the Irish and English practice of Halloween. Costumes were worn and the practice of going house to house seeking food and money started the tradition of trick-or-treat.
At the turn of the century, Halloween grew to be a day of parties for both children and adults emphasizing games, food items and Halloween costumes. Nowadays this tradition of a Halloween party continues and it's thought that $6.9 billion is spent on the Halloween USA holiday each year.
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